Sterility Assurance
The probability or likelihood that something is sterile. (TR44)
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Sterile
Absence of life; usually refers to absence of viable microorganisms. Note: In practice, no such absolute statement regarding the absence of microorganisms can be proven. (TR22) (TR62) The absence of viable microorganisms. (TR44) (TR70)
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Risk Management
The systematic application of quality management policies, procedures and practices to the tasks of assessing, controlling, communicating and reviewing risk. (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR55) (TR67) (TR54-5)
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Risk Evaluation
The comparison of the estimated risk to given risk criteria using a quantitative or qualitative scale to determine the significance of the risk (TR30) (TR54-2) (TR44) (TR58) (TR54-5)
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Risk Identification
The systematic use of information to identify potential sources of harm (hazards) referring to the risk question or problem description.(TR44) (TR54-2) (TR58) (TR54-5)
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Residual Risk
Risk remaining after risk control measures have been taken. (TR44) (TR58)
Risk remaining after risk control measures have been implemented (derived from ISO 14971:2007). (TR54) (TR54-2)
Risk remaining after risk control measures has been implemented. (TR54-5)
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Risk
The combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm.(TR30) (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-4) (TR58) (TR67) (TR68) (TR88)
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Risk Assessment
A systematic process of organizing information to support a risk decision to be made within a risk management process. It consists of identification of hazards and the analysis and evaluation of risk associated with exposure to those hazards. (TR30) (TR44) (TR54) (TR58) (TR55) (TR67) (TR57-2) (TR54-5) (TR88)
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Risk Control
Items in place and/or actions to implement risk management decisions. (TR44)
Actions implementing risk management decisions. (TR54-2) (TR54-5) (TR84)
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Risk Review
An ongoing monitoring of events, output and results of the risk management process that takes into account new knowledge and experience. [A] step in the risk management process for taking in account of new knowledge and experiences. (TR44) (TR58)
Review or monitoring of output/results of the risk management process considering (if appropriate) new knowledge and experience about the risk. (TR54-2) (TR54-5)
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Risk Reduction
The process of decreasing the level of risk. (TR44)
Process for mitigation or avoidance of quality risk when it exceeds a specified (acceptable) level (e.g., reduce severity, probability of harm, and improves detectability of hazards and quality risks). (TR58)
Actions taken to lessen the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm. (TR54-2) (TR54-5)
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Risk Prioritization Ranking (RPR)
A qualitative method for determining the level of risk by combining severity, occurrence and detectability rankings of the failure or event. (TR44)
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Severity (S)
A measure of the possible consequences of a hazard. (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3)(TR54-4) (TR54-5)
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Risk Prioritization Number (RPN)
A quantitative method for determining the level of risk by multiplying the severity, occurrence and detectability rankings of the failure or event. (TR44)
The Risk Priority Number, or RPN, is a numeric assessment of risk assigned to a process, or steps in a process, as part of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), in which a team assigns each failure mode a numeric values that quantifies likelihood of occurrence, likelihood of detection, and severity of impact. (TR54-4)
A quantitative measure used when assessing the level of risk. (TR54-5)
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Process Validation
The documented evidence that the process, operated within established parameters, can perform effectively and reproducibly to produce an intermediate or API (drug substance) meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes. (TR14) (TR42)
Establishing documented evidence which provides a high degree of assurance that a specific process will consistently produce a product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes. (TR44)
The collection and evaluation of data, from the process design stage through commercial production, which establishes scientific evidence that a process is capable of consistently delivering quality products. (TR54) (TR57) (TR74)
The collection and evaluation of data, from the process design stage through commercial production, which establishes scientific evidence that a process is capable of consistently delivering quality product.
The documented evidence that the process, operated within established parameters, can perform effectively and reproducibly to produce a medicinal product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes, as described in EMA, EU GMP, Part 1, Annex 15, drug/medicinal product. (TR56)
EMA: The documented evidence that the process, operated within established parameters, can perform effectively and reproducibly to produce a medicinal product meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes.
US FDA: The collection and evaluation of data, from the process design stage through commercial production, which establishes scientific evidence that a process is capable of consistently delivering quality products. (TR60-2)
The documented evidence that the process, operated within established parameters, can perform effectively and reproducibly to produce an intermediate or drug substance meeting its predetermined specifications and quality attributes (1, 17). (TR60-3)
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Quality System
Formalized business practices that define management responsibilities for organizational structure, processes, procedures, and resources needed to fulfill product/service requirements, customer satisfaction, and continual improvement. (TR30) (TR44)
The sum of all aspects of a system that implements quality policy and ensures that quality objectives are met. (TR54-5)
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Occurrence
The likelihood that the cause of the failure will happen, resulting in harm to the patient. The likelihood that a unit operation that could potentially cause a failure, happens in such a way that does cause the failure. The FMEA rating scale that defines the frequency of a failure mode. (TR44)
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Intervention
An aseptic manipulation or activity performed by personnel that occurs within the critical area. (TR22) (TR44) (TR62)
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Hazard
The potential source of harm. (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR58) (TR61)
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Harm
Damage to health, including damage occurring from loss of product quality or availability. (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-4) (TR68)
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Failure
The condition or fact of not achieving expected results; a cessation of proper functioning or performance. (TR44)
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Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
A method of assessing and evaluating risk. (TR44)
A systematic method for identifying, analyzing, prioritizing and documenting potential failure modes, their effects on system, product and process performance, and the possible causes of failure in order to prevent defects from occurring. (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3) (TR54-4) (TR74) (TR54-5)
A tool for analyzing processes or systems to evaluate all operating steps in order to identify and assess the risk associated with any potential failures. (TR65)
An analytical technique that results in a rankordered list of concerns to take action on. (TR72)
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Endotoxin
Lipopolysaccharides from the cell walls of bacteria, the most potent of which derive from Gram-negative organisms. When injected, they are known to cause a febrile, or fever-producing reaction that can cause severe patient reactions, and on occasion, can be fatal. (TR26) (TR44) Pyrogenic lipopolysaccharide component of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls. (TR69)
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Detection
The ability to discover or identify a defect or failure. (TR44)
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Critical Area/Critical Zone
An area designed to maintain sterility of sterile materials. Sterilized product, containers, closures, and equipment may be exposed in critical areas. (TR13) (TR22) (TR44) (TR62)
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