
PDA Technical Glossary
PDA Technical Reports are highly valued membership benefits because they offer expert guidance and opinions on important scientific and regulatory topics and are used as essential references by industry and regulatory authorities around the world. These reports include terms which explain the material and enhance the reader’s understanding.
The database presented here includes the glossary terms from all current technical reports. The database is searchable by keyword, topic, or by technical report. Each definition provided includes a link to the source technical report within the PDA Technical Report Portal.
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- TR 61: Steam in Place (2)
- TR 69: Bioburden/Biofilm Management (2)
- TR 70: Cleaning/Disinfection Programs (2)
- TR 13: Environmental Monitoring (2)
- TR 47: Virus Spikes/Virus Clearance (1)
- TR 62: Manual Aseptic Processes (1)
- TR 67: Objectionable Microorganisms (1)
- TR 1: Validation: Moist Heat (1)
- TR 3: Validation: Dry Heat (1)
- TR 22: Aseptic Process Simulation (1)
- TR 26: Sterilizing Filtration of Liquids (1)
- TR 45: Depth Filtration (1)
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Anaerobe
An organism that has the ability to grow in the absence of oxygen. (TR51)
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Ballotini
Small glass beads (spheres) obtainable in a range of sizes, used in the recovery of spores from paper carriers. (TR51)
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Bioburden
The total number of microorganisms per unit of material prior to sterilization. (TR13) Total number of viable microorganisms on or in a health care product prior to sterilization. (TR22)(TR61)(TR62) A population of viable microorganisms in a fluid prior to sterilizing filtration. (TR26) A measure of the contaminating organisms found in or on a given amount of material before it undergoes a sterilization process. (TR45) (TR70) The number of detectable microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) with which an object is contaminated. It is measured in CFU (colony forming units). (TR47) The number of viable, contaminating microorganisms present on a product immediately prior to decontamination. (TR51) Viable microbial contaminants associated with personnel manufacturing environments (air and surfaces), equipment, product packaging, raw materials (including water), in-process materials, and finished products. (TR 67) (TR 69)
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Biological Indicator (BI)
An inoculated carrier contained within its primary pack ready for use and providing a defined resistance to the specified sterilization process. (TR51)
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Carrier
A solid support upon which the test organism used in biological monitoring is inoculated. (TR51)
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D-value (D10 -Value)
The time in minutes required for a one-logarithm, or 90%, reduction of the population of microorganisms used as a biological indicator under specified lethal conditions. (TR51)
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Decontamination
A process that is designed to remove soil (including microorganisms) and may consist of cleaning and/or disinfection. (TR51)
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Disinfection
The destruction of pathogenic and other kinds of microorganisms by thermal or chemical means. (TR51) (TR70) Process of eliminating nearly all recognized pathogenic microorganisms but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g., bacterial spores) on inanimate objects. (TR69) The chemical or physical inactivation of a bioburden on inanimate surfaces. Typically this requires a minimum three-log (3-log) reduction of vegetative microorganisms and two-log (2-log) reduction for bacterial spore be achieved in validation. (TR13)
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Endospore
A type of spore formed intracellularly by some bacterial genera. (TR51)
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Genotypic
Relating to those characters that reside in the genetic complement of a specific strain of a specific organism. (TR51)
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Inoculated Carrier
A carrier upon which a defined number of test organisms have been deposited. (TR51)
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Micro-condensation
The formation of very fine layers of condensation often invisible to the naked eye. (TR51)
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Most Probable Number (MPN) Method
A statistical method of estimating the number of viable organisms suspended in a liquid. (TR51)
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Pathogen
Any microorganism which by direct interaction with (i.e., infection of) another organism causes disease in the organism (by convention, a multi-cellular organism). (TR51)
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Sporicidal Vapor Phase Decontamination
The destruction of inactivation of microbial spores using a vapor or gaseous agent. (TR51)
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Sporulation
The formation of a spore. (TR51)
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Survivor Curve
Graphical representation of the inactivation of a population of microorganisms with increasing exposure to a microbicidal agent under stated conditions. (TR01) (TR3) (TR51) (TR61)