PDA Technical Glossary

PDA Technical Glossary

PDA Technical Reports are highly valued membership benefits because they offer expert guidance and opinions on important scientific and regulatory topics and are used as essential references by industry and regulatory authorities around the world. These reports include terms which explain the material and enhance the reader’s understanding.

The database presented here includes the glossary terms from all current technical reports. The database is searchable by keyword, topic, or by technical report. Each definition provided includes a link to the source technical report within the  PDA Technical Report Portal.

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Bioburden
The total number of microorganisms per unit of material prior to sterilization. (TR13) Total number of viable microorganisms on or in a health care product prior to sterilization. (TR22)(TR61)(TR62) A population of viable microorganisms in a fluid prior to sterilizing filtration. (TR26) A measure of the contaminating organisms found in or on a given amount of material before it undergoes a sterilization process. (TR45) (TR70) The number of detectable microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) with which an object is contaminated. It is measured in CFU (colony forming units). (TR47) The number of viable, contaminating microorganisms present on a product immediately prior to decontamination. (TR51) Viable microbial contaminants associated with personnel manufacturing environments (air and surfaces), equipment, product packaging, raw materials (including water), in-process materials, and finished products. (TR 67) (TR 69)
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Capsule
Compatibility
Proof that no adverse interaction between the filter and the process fluid has occurred. (TR26) A term used in relation to the non-reactivity of filter materials with the substance to be filtered. (TR45)
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Darcy Permeability
The constant of proportionality of the material as defined by Darcy’s Law. (TR45)
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Fermentation Broth
The fluid and all constituents in a fermentation vessel prior to separation. (TR45)
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Flow Decay Test
An experiment to determine flow rate and throughput of a filter type or combination of filters on a specific liquid, usually by using a small area filter, to determine the sizing of a filter system by extrapolation. (TR45)
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Lenticular Filters
A filter made up of a series of biconvex cells that are stacked on top of one another with rings between them to prevent bypass between the cells. End-caps are then placed at the top and bottom of the assembly and are held in place with a central core. [Synonyms: Lenticular Cartridge, Modules, Filter Elements, Filter Devices] (TR45)
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Media
The part of the filter through which fluid passes that retains particles during filtration. (TR45)
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Performance Qualification (PQ)
Documented verification that the equipment and ancillary systems, as connected together, can perform effectively and reproducibly based on the approved process method and specifications. (TR3) (TR14) (TR45) (TR42) (TR48) (TR61) (TR64) Transport tests of product or representative product that is conducted during actual transportation or distribution. (TR39) Documented evidence that provides a high de­gree of assurance that the equipment and/or system functions accurately and consistently according to predetermined specifications in its operating environment. (TR54-5) Documented verification that the equipment and ancillary systems, as connected together, can perform effectively and reproducibly based on the approved process method and specifications (17). (TR60-3)
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Pressure
Force applied per unit area, usually expressed as psi, mbar, kPa or kg/cm2. (TR45) (TR26)
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Recovery
The mass of desired solute in the final product solution (either permeate or retentate, depending on the process), divided by the mass of the desired solute in the initial feed solution, expressed as a percentage. [Synonym: yield] (TR15) (TR45) A measure of the amount of analyte carried through the entire sample preparation and assay procedure and expressed as a percentage of the nominal concentration. (TR57)
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Rejection
The ability of a filter to exclude solutes or particulate matter from passing through. (TR45)
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Sanitization
Reduction of microbial contaminants to safe levels as judged by public health requirements for the specific country. (TR13) A significant reduction in bioburden, achieved in chromatography by the use of bactericidal agents, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), ethanol (EtOH), and isopropanol (IPA). (TR14) The process of reducing microbial levels by treatment at less than defined sterilizing conditions. Typically water at 80 °C or a chemical treatment is used to perform sanitization of process components. (TR45) A process that reduces the number of viable microorganisms to a defined level. (TR61) (TR69)
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Scalability Studies
Studies used to assess sizing for the appropriate performance of filter media at increased process volumes. (TR45)
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Screening Studies
Studies used to select a particular type and grade of filter media. (TR45)
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Standard Pressure
A pressure of 1 atmosphere (14.70 psi or 760 mm of mercury) to which measurements of quantities dependent on pressure are often referred. (TR45)
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Void Volume
See Porosity. (TR45)
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Water for Injection (WFI)
Water purified by distillation or a purification process that is equivalent or superior to distillation in the removal of chemicals and microorganisms and contains no added substances. (TR45)
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Yield, Expected
The quantity of material or the percentage of theoretical yield anticipated at any appropriate phase of production based on previous laboratory, pilot scale or manufacturing data. (TR45)
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Yield, Theoretical
The quantity that would be produced at any appropriate phase of production, based upon the quantity of material to be used, in the absence of any loss or error in actual production. (TR45)
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