PDA Technical Glossary

PDA Technical Glossary

PDA Technical Reports are highly valued membership benefits because they offer expert guidance and opinions on important scientific and regulatory topics and are used as essential references by industry and regulatory authorities around the world. These reports include terms which explain the material and enhance the reader’s understanding.

The database presented here includes the glossary terms from all current technical reports. The database is searchable by keyword, topic, or by technical report. Each definition provided includes a link to the source technical report within the  PDA Technical Report Portal.

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Screening Studies
Studies used to select a particular type and grade of filter media. (TR45)
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Secondary (Working, In-house) Reference Standard
Substance of established quality and purity that is qualified against, and used instead of, the primary reference standard; typically used as a reference standard for routine laboratory analysis. (TR57-2)
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Senior Management
Person(s) who direct and control a company or site at the highest levels with the authority and responsibility to mobilize resources within the company or site (TR54) (TR54-2)
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Sensitivity
Ability of a method to detect small changes in the quality attribute (e.g., changes in concentration or purity) being measured. (TR57-2)
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Signal Detection Theory
A means to quantify the ability to discern between signal and noise. According to the theory, there are a number of determiners of how a detecting system will detect a signal, and where its threshold levels will be. The theory can explain how changing the threshold will affect the ability to discern, often exposing how adapted the system is to the task, purpose or goal at which it is aimed. (TR55)
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Site Acceptance Testing
The SAT is a series of tests that are performed as part of commissioning after the unit has been installed in the final location. (TR48)
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Specific Model Virus
Virus that is closely related to the known or suspected virus (same genus or family), having similar physical and chemical properties as those of the observed or suspected virus. (TR41)
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Specification
A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria that are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the test described. It establishes the set of criteria to which a material should conform to be considered acceptable for its intended use. (TR14) A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria that are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the test described. It establishes the set of criteria to which a material should conform to be considered acceptable for its intended use. Drug product and drug substance specifications are critical quality standards that are proposed and justified by the manufacturer and approved by regulatory authorities (TR38) (TR57) A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria that are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the test described. It establishes the set of criteria to which a material should conform to be considered acceptable for its intended use. Drug product and drug substance specifications are critical quality standards that are proposed and justified by the manufacturer and approved by regulatory authorities (TR69) A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria, which are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the tests described. It establishes the set of criteria to which a drug substance, drug product, or materials at other stages of its manufacture should conform to be considered acceptable for its intended use. “Conformance to specification” means that the drug substance and drug product, when tested according to the listed analytical procedures, will meet the acceptance criteria. Specifications are critical quality standards that are proposed and justified by the manufacturer and approved by regulatory authorities as conditions of approval. (TR56) (TR74) A list of tests, references to analytical procedures, and appropriate acceptance criteria that are numerical limits, ranges, or other criteria for the test described. It establishes the set of criteria to which a material should conform to be considered acceptable for its intended use (17). (TR60-3)(TR88)
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Specificity
The ability of an analytical procedure to accurately measure or detect a target analyte in the presence of other components in the sample matrix. (TR50) The ability to assess unequivocally the analyte in the presence of components that may be expected to be present. Typically these might include impurities, degradants, matrix, etc. Lack of specificity of an individual analytical procedure may be compensated by other supporting analytical procedure(s). (TR57) The ability to detect a range of microorganisms, which demonstrate that the method is fit for its intended use. (TR33)
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Stability Profile
The physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological behavior of a drug substance or drug product as a function of time when stored under the defined environmental conditions of an approved protocol. (TR39)
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Stability-Indicating Analytical Method
A test procedure that is able to discern changes in an analyte due to degradation processes. It is capable of accurately measuring changes in the product that can occur under conditions of physical or chemical stress. (TR57)
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Stakeholder(s)
Any individual, group or organization that can affect, be affected by or perceive itself to be affected by a risk. Decision makers might also be stakeholders. For the purposes of this guideline, the primary stakeholders are the patient, health-care professional, regulatory authority, and industry (ICH Q9). (TR54) (TR54-2) Any individual, group, or organization that can affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be af­fected by a risk. Decision makers might also be stakeholders. (TR54-5)
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Standard Deviation
<p>The statistical measure of the dispersion of the data. (TR57) </p>
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Standard Pressure
A pressure of 1 atmosphere (14.70 psi or 760 mm of mercury) to which measurements of quantities dependent on pressure are often referred. (TR45)
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State of Control
A condition in which the set of controls consistently provides assurance of continued process performance and product quality. (TR57)
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Static Record Format (FDA)
Static Record Format (MHRA)
Static Record Format (WHO)
A static record format, such as a paper or pdf record, is one that is fixed and allows little or no interaction between the user and the record content (TR80)
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Stress Studies (Degradation Pathway Studies)
Studies undertaken to elucidate the intrinsic stability of the drug substance and/or drug product; part of the development strategy and normally carried out under more severe conditions (e.g., high or low pH or oxidation levels, or shaking) than those used for accelerated testing. (TR57-2)
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Superiority
A comparison with the primary objective of showing that the result from one method is superior to the method being compared. This is usually demonstrated by showing that the true difference is likely to lie between zero and the upper equivalence margin. (TR57)
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Surrogate Fluid
A model process fluid used in a small-scale validation study. The fluid is intended to either match or resemble an actual process fluid as closely as is feasible. (TR41)
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Systems (in computer or related systems) (FDA, attributed to ANSI)
People, machines, and methods organized to accomplish a set of specific functions. Computer or related systems can refer to computer hardware, software, peripheral devices, networks, cloud infrastructure, operators, and associated documents(e.g., user manuals and standard operating procedures).(TR80)
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Systems (in computer or related systems) (WHO)
A computerized system collectively controls the performance of one or more automated processes and/or functions. It includes computer hardware, software, peripheral devices, networks and documentation, e.g., manuals and standard operating procedures, as well as the personnel interfacing with the hardware and software, e.g., users and information technology support personnel.(TR80)
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