Glossary Terms (Simple List)
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Viable
Alive and able to be cultured in the laboratory. (TR69)
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Viable but Nonculturable (VBNC)
Unable to be cultured in the prevailing test conditions but nonetheless capable of cell division and carrying out metabolic functions (TR69)
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Virus
A simple, potentially pathogenic organism composed of a single type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) encased in a protein shell (called a capsid) and, in some cases, a lipid membrane (called an envelope). Viruses are incapable of independent replication and therefore must infect a host cell in order to propagate. (TR41)
Obligate, intercellular, replicating, infectious agents that are potentially pathogenic, possessing only a single type of nucleic acid (either RNA or DNA). They use the host cells for propagation as they are unable to grow independently, for example by binary fission, and multiplying their genomic material. (TR47) (TR83)
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Virus (Adventitious Virus)
Unintentionally introduced contaminant viruses. (TR47)
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Virus (Endogenous Virus
Viral entity whose genome is part of the germ line of the species of origin of the cell line and can be produced in culture by cell lines from these species. (TR47)
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Virus (Non-specific Model Virus)
A virus used for characterization of viral clearance of the process when the purpose is to characterize the capacity of the manufacturing process to remove and/or inactivate viruses in general, i.e., to characterize the robustness of the purification process. (TR47)
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Virus (Relevant Virus)
A virus used in process evaluation studies that either is the virus, or of the same species as a virus known to or possible to contaminate the cell substrate or any other reagents or materials used in the production process. (TR47)